Modes

Almost every screen is a Mode instance. The global Mode *currentMode tells the rest of the firmware what the four encoders mean and which drawing path to take.

Mode shape

Defined in toern.ino:

struct Mode {
  String name;
  unsigned int minValues[4];
  unsigned int maxValues[4];
  unsigned int pos[4];       // current encoder positions
  uint32_t knobcolor[4];
};

When switchMode(newMode) runs, it stores oldMode, updates currentMode, and rewrites each encoder’s min/max/counter/RGB from the mode’s fields.

Named modes (non-exhaustive)

Mode variable	Name string	Typical job
draw	DRAW	Paint notes on the grid
touchyMode	TCHY	Five-pad sample performance with existing voice players
singleMode	SINGLE	Single-voice / focused editing
filterMode	FILTERMODE	Per-channel FX / synth params (sliders)
velocity	VELOCITY	Note detail: velocity / probability / condition / voice volume
noteShift	NOTE_SHIFT	Transpose / shift notes
set_Wav	SET_WAV	SMP: sample browser / assign
recordMode	RECORD_MODE	Record into a sample slot
set_SamplePack	SET_SAMPLEPACK	KIT: sample-kit selection
loadSaveTrack	LOADSAVE_TRACK	PATT: pattern load/save
menu	MENU	Top-level menu shell
songMode	SONGMODE	Song arrangement
subpatternMode	SUBPATTERN	Subpattern / mute-related UI
volume_bpm	VOLUME_BPM	BPM / related transport UI
newFileMode	NEW_FILE	Genre generator after loading an empty numbered slot

How input finds the right handler

1. Hardware callbacks / polling update encoder counters.
2. checkMode / button chord logic decides whether to switchMode.
3. Mode-specific branches in toern.ino (and UI files) read currentMode->pos[i] and mutate note / GLOB / SMP.
4. Draw code compares currentMode == &draw (pointer equality) to pick the correct LED rendering.

Pointer comparison against the global mode objects is the canonical check — don’t compare name strings in hot paths.

Adding a mode

1. Declare a Mode myMode = { ... } next to the others.
2. Wire an entry gesture (button combo, menu item, encoder hold).
3. Handle encoder deltas while currentMode == &myMode.
4. Add drawing in toern_ui.ino (or a dedicated helper).
5. On exit, restore encoder config for the destination mode (switchMode already rebinds ranges).

Operator labels and gestures

Menu labels are PATT, KIT, SMP, BPM, VOL, SETT, REC, MIDI, MODE, ETC. Internal mode names remain unchanged. Tap touch 1 to toggle DRAW/SINGLE on a sound voice; tap touch 2 to open the menu. The short touch-1 chord grace period lets the second pad join a sample-browser/filter gesture; it is not a hold requirement. Note detail maps encoders 1–4 to velocity, probability, condition/ratchet and whole-voice volume.

See the handbook controls and note detail for complete gestures.

TOUCHY is enabled with MODE → TCHY, is OFF after reboot, and stops sequencer playback. Touch 1–5 trigger voices 1–5 without writing notes. Encoders 1–4 edit the last pad-triggered voice’s pitch, velocity, reverb (where available), and highpass. Channel volumes stay full while enabled and are restored on disable. Short presses open SMP for voices 1–4. Hold encoder 1 to fast-record into the last pad-triggered voice and release to stop; recording does not change pattern notes. Hold encoder 3 for the last pad-triggered voice’s FILTER, and encoder 4 for the main menu. Existing browser/filter exits return to TOUCHY until its MODE toggle is OFF.